Finanzas personales explicadas para principiantes parte 2

Finanzas personales explicadas para principiantes parte 2 - La primera parte es aquí.

Explora la parte 2 de la guía de finanzas personales para saber qué estrategias internacionales de gestión de patrimonios le convenga.

Proceso de planificación financiera personal:

No basta con tener un buen plan financiero para ser económicamente independiente, también hay que ceñirse al plan y modificarlo siempre que sea necesario.

La elaboración de un presupuesto desempeña un papel importante en el proceso de planificación financiera, ya que le permite determinar sus gastos, sus ahorros y cuánto puede invertir.

Si dispone de un patrimonio importante, es aconsejable contratar los servicios de un profesional financiero, como un gestor de patrimonios o un planificador financiero.

¿Por qué? Para que pueda ocuparse sabiamente de su situación financiera mientras invierte su dinero en los vehículos de inversión adecuados que se adapten a sus objetivos financieros.

Si es usted una persona con un elevado patrimonio neto y tiene problemas para encontrar un experto en finanzas personales que se ocupe de sus necesidades de inversión, puede adquirir los servicios financieros profesionales que ofrecemos haciendo clic en aquí.

En todo plan financiero personal eficaz, hay 6 componentes principales para obtener un crecimiento positivo de su situación financiera. Se indican a continuación:

• Evaluación
• Objetivos
• Modificación del plan
• Ejecución del plan
• Seguimiento regular
• Realizar cambios siempre que sea necesario  

Así que lo primero que tiene que hacer es evaluar su situación financiera y los factores que influyen en ella.

Después de evaluar su situación financiera, ahora tiene que plantearse algunos objetivos financieros, independientemente de si son sus objetivos financieros personales o los de su familia.

Recuerde que los objetivos deben ser razonables, como planificar la jubilación o comprar una casa para su familia, y no algo como poseer un jet privado o comprar una casa valorada en miles de millones.

No pretendemos desmotivarte ni desanimarte en tus objetivos si los tienes, pero debes entender que el objetivo principal es ser rico y no parecerlo.

Ya ha evaluado su situación financiera y se ha fijado unos buenos objetivos económicos. Ahora debes crear un plan que te permita alcanzar tus objetivos al tiempo que gestionas eficazmente todos tus gastos cada mes.

Este plan financiero o presupuestario debe desarrollarse o modificarse constantemente para hacer frente a tus necesidades financieras y asegurarte de que no tendrás que afrontar ningún tipo de dificultad económica.

No podrás tomar las riendas de las cosas con sólo tener un plan, también necesitas ejecutar el plan. No te preocupes si te cuesta seguir tu plan, se convertirá en un hábito al cabo de 2 o 3 meses, y lo único que tienes que hacer es ser coherente con tu estrategia.

No te desvíes ni te desvíes cuando no seas capaz de seguir el plan que has creado porque el principio siempre es lo más difícil.

Trate siempre de no desviarse del plan que ha creado. Además, debes intentar actualizar tu plan con regularidad para que sea más eficaz.

Es aconsejable contratar los servicios de un asesor financiero personal o de cualquier otro experto financiero antes de diseñar un plan financiero personal, en lugar de hacerlo por cuenta propia.

Los profesionales financieros conocen todo tipo de situaciones y saben cómo superar las dificultades financieras, por lo que le serán de gran ayuda a la hora de diseñar un plan financiero o un plan presupuestario que se adapte a sus necesidades financieras o incluso le ayude con sus objetivos financieros.

Términos de finanzas personales que todo el mundo debería conocer:

A continuación encontrará una lista de los términos que la mayoría de la gente escucha cuando se involucra en el ámbito de las finanzas personales.

No sólo hemos descrito los términos relacionados con las finanzas personales, sino que también hemos proporcionado algunos de los términos relacionados con diversos tipos de inversiones (sólo las definiciones básicas).

Fondo de emergencia

No es otra cosa que el dinero que se ha reservado para situaciones o circunstancias inesperadas.

Por ejemplo, un fondo de energía podría referirse a gastos a largo plazo, como la pérdida del empleo, o a gastos a corto plazo, como la reparación de un accidente o gastos sanitarios imprevistos.

Asesor financiero

Un asesor financiero es un profesional que posee las competencias y los conocimientos necesarios para ayudar a personas o empresas en sus asuntos financieros.

Los asesores financieros pueden ayudar en situaciones financieras como la planificación de la jubilación, la gestión de su situación financiera, el asesoramiento relacionado con inversiones, etc.

Cuenta de ahorros sanitarios

También conocida como HSA, una cuenta de ahorro sanitario es un tipo de cuenta de ahorro que ofrece ventajas fiscales a los particulares. Las cuentas de ahorro sanitario pueden utilizarse para gastos médicos como, por ejemplo, unas gafas nuevas.

Hipoteca

Una hipoteca es un tipo de préstamo que se ofrece a los particulares cuando intentan adquirir una propiedad. Con la ayuda de una hipoteca, el prestatario obtiene dinero del prestamista en forma de préstamo para comprar esa propiedad.

Sin embargo, el prestatario tiene que hacer el pago en forma de cuotas, que se compone de la cantidad que se ha tomado en forma de préstamo junto con el interés que se cobra sobre esa cantidad.

En general, la mayoría de las hipotecas se pagan de acuerdo con los términos y condiciones que se han establecido mientras el prestatario toma esa hipoteca y podría tomar tiempo de hasta 15 a 30 años dependiendo de la cantidad tomada y las cuotas.

Cuenta de jubilación

Una cuenta de jubilación es una cuenta en la que puede depositar dinero para su futura jubilación. Una cuenta de jubilación puede estar patrocinada por una empresa, como un plan 401(k) o un plan de pensiones, o puede ser una cuenta de jubilación individual.

La planificación de la jubilación es uno de los principales aspectos de la vida económica. planificación financiera personal y ahorrar para la jubilación es un asunto que debe tomarse en serio.

Cuenta de ahorro

Una cuenta de ahorro es una cuenta ofrecida por un banco, una cooperativa de crédito o cualquier otra institución financiera que permite a una persona depositar fondos mientras puede ganar una pequeña cantidad de intereses sobre la cantidad depositada.

Will

Un testamento es un documento que representa cómo una persona desea que se gestione su estado en caso de fallecimiento.

A will comes in handy when a person wants to make sure that their money and assets are allocated to their heirs according to their intention.

Active Management

This is a financial strategy through which the investment portfolio of an individual is frequently intervened, i.e., when there is a regular activity of buying or selling assets.

This can either be done by a financial advisor or by the investor.

Adjusted Gross Income

Adjusted gross income is when you deduct certain types of adjustments like student loan interest, contribution to retirement accounts, alimony payments, etc., from the gross income.

Adjusted gross income is helpful in the process of determining an individual’s total taxable income.

Amortization

Amortization refers to the process through which the overall amount of a loan is reduced as time goes by.

In most cases, when an individual is repaying the amount for the loan he or she took, then a higher proportion of the payment goes towards the interest in the beginning.

Gradually, a higher proportion of the amount that is being repaid would go towards the principal amount.

Annual Percentage Rate

The annual percentage rate, which is also known as APR, is the total amount that will cost an individual to borrow money.

Regardless of whether it is a loan, credit card, or any other similar financial instrument, the amount of interest you owe to the lender along with any incurring fees come under this category.

Annual Percentage Yield

This is exactly the opposite of the annual percentage rate, i.e., the amount of interest (including compound interest) that you gain from an investment or savings account in a particular year.

Anualidad

This is a financial instrument, which is generally offered by an insurance company, and guarantees a specific payout, which can either be paid in the form of a lump sum amount or increments.

Appreciation

The amount of increase in the value of any asset over time that you own is known as “Appreciation”.

Arrears

In simple words, Arrears refer to the late payment, which is paid to an individual after the completion of work.

Ask Price

Ask Price Is the lowest possible amount that the seller of security would accept to offer that security.

Asset

Any item or property or any other similar thing, which either has a financial value or is expected to have a financial value in the future, is called an Asset.

Asignación de activos

The combination of various types of financial instruments (related to investments) such as stocks, mutual funds, ETFs, bonds, cryptocurrencies, commodities, cash, etc., are referred to as an investment portfolio.

The process of allocating these financial instruments in the investment portfolio based on the needs and goals of the individual is known as asset allocation.

Balance Sheet

The document that is provided to the investors, which consists of various types of financial details of a company such as assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity is known as a balance sheet.

Bankruptcy

The legal procedure that allows an individual or an entity to become free from the responsibility of paying their respective debts is known as bankruptcy.

For this, the individual or the entity would have to prove that they no longer have the ability to repay their debts.

Bear Market

This is used to refer to a situation in the stock market when the prices of all the stocks are declining in their value.

Beneficiary

The person who has been listed as the recipient of an asset or an item after the death of an individual is referred to as a beneficiary.

Bid Price

The highest price that a prospective buyer is willing to pay for acquiring security is known as the bid price.

Blue Chip

This is a general term used to represent the stocks of companies that are deemed to be robust investments. A few examples would include Facebook, Tesla, Disney, Apple, etc.

Bonos

Bonds of the debt instruments that are usually issued by the government or a corporation where’s the lender would be paid an interest along with the capital.

Book Value

The total value of a company after deducting its liabilities is known as the book value of a company, and it is usually present on a company’s balance sheet.

Broker

A person or an organization that allows the process of purchasing and selling of assets on behalf of some other person or entity is known as a broker.

Usually, brokers charge a small amount of money known as Commission for offering services, and in some other cases, they might charge a flat fee for such transactions.

Bull Market

The exact opposite scenario of a bear market, i.e., when the stocks in the stock market are increasing in value.

Capital Gain

The profit arising from the sale of an asset that has grown value is known as capital gain and capital gains are usually taxed at a rate that is higher than the actual income tax rate.

Capital Loss

The loss arising from the sale of an asset that has depreciated is known as a capital loss, and these capital losses can be claimed as directions while filing for taxes so that at least some of the money can be recovered.

Certificado de depósito

A financial instrument that requires the investor to put in some cash for a specific period in exchange for a higher interest rate is known as a certificate of deposit (CD).

Planificador financiero certificado

A financial planner who is certified by the relevant authorities that can guarantee that the financial planner is capable of managing all the financial activities effectively is called a certified financial planner.

Chartered Financial Analyst

A licensed financial professional who has acquired the name chartered financial analyst (CFA) after passing the CFA institute examinations that are held specifically for financial analysts.

Closing Date

The date on which the credit card billing cycle ends is known as the closing date and the balance amount on your card by the time of the closing date is what the individual owes to the lender in the next bill.

Collateral

Any item, asset, or property that is accepted by the lender as a guarantee for the loan being acquired by the borrower is known as collateral.

In any scenario when the borrower fails to make the payment the collateral can be claimed as the property of the lender.

Custodial Account

Any financial account that belongs to an individual who is under the age of 18 years (not considered an adult) and is being run by an adult until that child reaches the age set by the terms of an account.

Debt-to-income ratio

This is the overall amount of your liabilities divided by the amount you earn every month before the taxes are deducted.

Depreciation

Decrease in the value of a property or an asset over time.

Dividendos

The money that is paid by a company to the investors who owns shares of that company and these dividend payments are usually generated from the company’s earnings.

Emerging markets

The economies of the countries that are developing rapidly on a global level are known as emerging markets. Investing in emerging markets is a great choice for individuals who want to diversify their portfolios and have access to robust investments.

Equidad

The ownership of an asset minus the liabilities on that asset is known as equity. For instance, when you purchase a loan with the help of a mortgage, then the equity in that home means the home’s overall value minus the loan balance.

Planificación patrimonial

This is a process that refers to the activities such as preparing a will, designating the power of an attorney, taking care of insurance policies, and making decisions regarding the beneficiary or beneficiaries of a person’s assets.

In general, estate planning is done while keeping in mind the finances of an individual after their death.

Exchange-traded fund

Investment funds are the financial instruments that pull the capital from various investors and are managed by a financial professional known as a fund manager.

Now, ETFs are the investment funds that are generally made available on stock exchanges and are traded publicly. To make it easier for you to understand, ETFs work in the same way as stocks.

Index fund

An investment fund that consists of securities that reflect a market index is known as an index fund, and this allows investors to have built-in diversification.

Inflation

The increase in the cost of goods and services over time while the value of money decreases is known as inflation and is depicted by a percentage.

For example, if the gas price is $1 and the inflation is 5% then the gas price would be $1.05 by this time next year.

Initial public offering

Also known as an IPO, initial public offerings refer to the companies that are offering shares publicly for the first time.

Liquidez

Liquidity is the concept that allows us to understand how quickly and easily can we be able to sell an asset and convert it to cash.

Living Will

The person need not necessarily have to be dead for a will to come into effect, and in such circumstances, a living would come in handy.

This document describes the legal measures that are to be taken if you no longer can do things on your own or express what you want.

Loan Consolidation

Also known as debt consolidation, loan consolidation refers to the process where an individual acquires one big loan to pay off 2 or smaller loans.

This would simplify the process of repayment while having a possibility of reducing the existing interest rate or monthly payment.

Final word:

Personal finance is something that shouldn’t be taken lightly because how you manage your financial situation would set a path for reaching your financial goals.

Learning and everything about personal finance might become hard for someone as they might already be occupied with their profession or any other passion.

In such circumstances, taking care of a personal financial situation becomes extremely hard and might even lead to financial difficulties.

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That being said, we hope that you can find this information useful and we wish for you to have a stable and secure financial situation.

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